Pulp and paper industry an overview sciencedirect topics. Regarding impact on the environment, air pollution problems are more significant with chemical pulping processes than with mechanical processes. Pollution prevention in the pulp and paper industries 237 3. The pulp and paper industry, which includes products such as office and catalog paper, glossy paper, tissue and paperbased packaging, uses over 40 percent of all industrial wood traded globally.
Over 80% of the total volumes of industrial wastes in malaysia. According to the world wildlife fund, paper products are crucial to society, as they have enabled literacy and cultural developmentthey also enable industry. Pulp and paper companies also constitute the largest manufacturing sector in the state, providing thousands of highpaid jobs. Pollution of river bodies has become a major problem that is becoming critical because of. The environmental problems of pulp and paper industry are not limited by the high water. Worldwide the pulp and paper industry is the fifth largest consumer of energy, accounting for 4% of all the worlds energy use the paperless project, 2014. Because water pollution control technology, costs, and benefits can change over time, the administrator, epa, should establish specific time frames for periodic reevaluations of the costs and benefits of implementing more advanced control technologies for existing pulp and paper mills. This paper presents the issue of air pollution and discusses the latest findings of fundamental research with regard to its consequences on human.
They are effective at recovering whitewater for reuse, thus reducing fresh water use, wastewater discharge, energy use as a result of retained heat in recovered water and associated costs. Environment pollution is a widereaching problem and it is likely to influence the health of human populations is great. Paper is an important material, used daily for many purposes worldwide. Charter for water recycling and pollution prevention in. Industrial pollution an overview sciencedirect topics. Of the releases to air by the pulp and paper industry, 60% were. The major pollutants in a pulp and paper industry are the various gases. Pulp and paper mill pollution effects on estuarine. The problem is we depend on paper, but it can be detrimental to the environment. Preventing pollution from paper and cardboard production. Laccase a delignifying enzyme from the fungus pycnoporus cinnabarinus can be used to break down the lignin in the fibers of bagasse. The industry increased gross output between the years 1985 and 2004 by 15. Indian paper industry is marked with diversity features. The analysis of the paper industry on both european and national levels was carried out to provide a complete scenario of the size of the paper sector through three main lines of presentation.
Role of biotechnology in pulp and paper industry 287 paper manufacturers to use sugarcane bagasse. Pdf pollution prevention in the pulp and paper industries. Ironically, since then print volume has actually increased, as people now print emails, web pages, etc. The pulp and paper industry the national academies press. The pulp and paper industry is highly capital, material and energy intensive and return on. This guide describes industry responsibilities for preventing pollution. The chinese government is aware of the pollution problem. Paper production and consumption facts green america. Recycled paper produces fewer polluting emissions to air 95% of air pollution and water. Sustainability challenges in the paper industry aiche.
Pollution prevention in the pulp and paper industries. Industrial ecology applied to the forest and paper industry paper alternatives. Pollution sources in producing pulp and paper papermaking. In the paper manufacturing industry, self cleaning filtration systems are a proven technology and have been utilized for several years at paper mills. Solid waste management in pulp and paper industry in india. This paper will outline the negative affects of water pollution in lake tai that is caused by industries in china and the effects that it has on surrounding communities.
It produces 9 million tons of pulp each year united states environmental protection agency, 1997a. Pollution control directive on the integrated prevention and reduction of. Pdf the paper aims to present the environmental impact of pulp and paper manufacturing and the most important production and control practices to. The reinsurance industry has recognized that air pollution should be considered as an important emerging risk4. The pulp and paper industry is one of the largest and most polluting industries in the world, and is the third most polluting industry in canada and the united states. Demand of paper and boards worldwide will reach 470 million tonnes in 2010 with an average annual increase of paper demand of about 3. The pulp and paper industry is the fourth largest industrial user of energy, consuming 6. Recycled paper is not usually rebleached and where it is, oxygen rather than chlorine is.
If epa determines that the cost of more advanced control technologies is reasonable, such. Pdf environmental impact of pulp and paper mills researchgate. Pulping is the initial stage and the source of the most pollutant of this industry. Therefore, this paper will provide directives for policymakers in developing an effective policy framework, as well as sensitize all stakeholders to the management of water pollution in dhaka. One of the most environmentally regulated sectors in the united states is the pulp and paper industry, a polluter of both air and water. Wisconsin is the united states largest paper producer, and has been for years. This paper provides the insight view about the affects of environment pollution in the perspective of air pollution, water and land soil waste pollution on human by diseases and problems, animals and trees plants. The environmental sustainability of paper abstract over 20 years ago, it was thought that the paperless office or close to it would be a reality by 2011. Introduction pulp and paper industry is considered as one of the most polluter industry in the world. Primary concerns when evaluating these disastrous effects are the use of chlorinebased bleaches causing toxic emissions to air, water, and sediment.
Thermal receipts and the industry surrounding them are only part of the paper problem. It threatens the health and well being of humans, plants, and animals and it is one of most common types of pollution. Sustainability in the pulp and paper manufacturing industry. Unfortunately, the environment, and our democracy, has suffered because of it. Paper pollution refers to environmental pollution caused by the production, use and recycling of paper. Besides the finished products, a good number of byproducts are produced. Much of the information presented is based on the evaluation and operation of pilot, demonstration, and fullscale plants. We discussed the industry on its current stand, pattern and trends, relative importance in the world, and its transformation. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic.
Pdf pollution abatement in the indian pulp and paper. As one of the largest industrial sectors in the world, the pulp and paper industry has an. The effluent guidelines are incorporated into npdes permits for direct dischargers direct dischargera point source that discharges pollutants to. The paper industry is the source of ten percent of chinas industrial wastewater emissions and onefourth of its chemical oxygen demand huang and bai 1992. Pulp and paper mills still pollute our water, air, and soil. The paper industry is facing environmental pressure on multiple dimensions, especially in light of global concerns over climate change, and international paper is no exception. Paper recycling is also a source of pollution due to the sludge produced during deinking. Ince 1, zeynep cetecioglu 2 and orhan ince 2 1bogazici university, institute of en vironmental science, istanbul, 2istanbul technical university, environm ental engineering department, istanbul, turkey 1. Types, effects and control of industrial pollution. Pulp and paper industry is considered as one of the most polluter industry in the world thompson et al.
Pollution prevention in the pulp and paper industries intechopen. But the process of delignification and bleaching is necessary even if bagasse is used to make paper. Substances contributing to each of the major categories of pollution hazard in the pulp and paper industry from poole et al. India is a vast country with an average of 700 pulp and paper mills. I air pollution caused by industries jiming hao and guowen li compounds hc 0. The indian paper industry is one of the important industrial sectors of the country which has shown tremendous growth potential in last few years. The indian paper industries, on an average, consume about 3%4% of the total wood in india.
It is the largest source of rural environmental pollution state council 1996. Discarded paper is a major component of many landfill sites. Because the primary ghg emitted by the pulp and paper manufacturing industry include carbon dioxide co2, methane ch4, and nitrous oxide n2o, and the control technologies and measures presented here focus on these pollutants. Production capacity varies in indian paper industry from 15 tpd to 1500 tpd. The pulp and paper industry is one of the largest and most polluting industries in the world. Paper pollution causes severe adverse effects to the quality of air, water and land.
Paper and cardboard production can cause significant pollution. Marine pollution effects of pulp and paper industry wastes. The paper production process requires a large amount of energy, with paper and pulp ranked fifth among industries in terms of its energy consumption 4. Effects of pulp and paper industry wastes 343 table 3. The common forms of industrial pollution from heavy industries or largescale manufacturing include high loads of heavy metals particularly lead, mercury, and cadmium, oil and grease, biological oxygen demand bod, and suspended solid, which affect all components of the river and marine environments yusoff et al. Pollution abatement in the pulp and paper industry plants with more sensitive populations children and elderly living nearby emit less air pollution. Technology in india, ed, mittal k v, indian national science.
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